Documentation

Electron Microscopy Data

Electron Microscopy Data available on Virtual Fly Brain.

Virtual Fly Brain brings together data from multiple electron microscopy (EM) resources, providing access to high-resolution neuroanatomical datasets. These datasets include complete EM volumes of Drosophila brains and ventral nerve cords, neuron reconstructions, connectivity information and neurotransmitter predictions. Data can be visualised using the web browser or accessed programmatically via APIs.

488,111
neurons with connectivity
34.7 M
synaptic connections
14,363
cell types with neuron images

The synaptic connectivity derived from these datasets is described on its own page. See Connectivity data for what an edge means, which connectomes contribute one, and how to handle reconstructions that cover the same tissue.

Comparison Table of Integrated Datasets

The table below summarises EM datasets that have been integrated into VFB, including the portion of the organism covered (Anatomy), the resource(s) where the original data can be found, The level of reconstruction (sparse or dense) and the original publication for the dataset.

DatasetVFB symbolVersion in VFBAnatomyReconstructionResource(s)Original Publication
BANCBANCv626Full CNS (adult female)DenseCodexBates et al. (2025), published as Bates et al. (2026)
male-CNSmcv0.9Full CNS (adult male)DenseNeuPrint; CodexBerg et al. (2025)
Optic-lobeolv1.0.1Optic lobe (adult male)DenseNeuPrint; CodexNern et al. (2025)
FAFB (FlyWire)fwv783Full brain (adult female)DenseCodexDorkenwald et al. (2024); Schlegel et al. (2024)
MANCmvv1.2.1Full VNC (adult male)DenseNeuPrint; CodexTakemura et al. (2024)
Hemibrainhbv1.2.1Partial brain (adult female)DenseNeuPrintScheffer et al. (2020)
FAFB (CATMAID)fafbFull brain (adult female)SparseCATMAID (VFB)Zheng et al. (2018)
L1 CNS (CATMAID)l1emFull CNS (female larva)SparseCATMAID (VFB)Ohyama et al. (2015)
FANCFull VNS (adult female)SparseCATMAID (VFB)Phelps et al. (2021)

A neuron count, and often a neuron’s identifier, is a property of a release rather than of a dataset. The versions above are what VFB currently holds; see Connectome versioning for what changes between releases and how to follow an identifier across them. The same version list, with the symbols used to include or exclude a dataset from a query, is on the Connectivity data page.

FlyWire, hemibrain and FAFB (CATMAID) are reconstructions of the same tissue. Counting across them double-counts neurons; Connectivity data explains how VFB handles that and which datasets to exclude.

Datasets Hosted by VFB

VFB runs the public CATMAID instances below. Several are archives of resources whose original hosts have gone offline, and for some VFB is the only remaining public copy; others are served here because VFB is where the dataset is published from. Each instance has its own page under sites hosted by VFB, giving what it contains, how to open it and how to cite it.

Hosting an instance is not the same as integrating its neurons. Only the datasets marked below are registered in the VFB knowledge base and reachable from a VFB search, term page or API call; for the rest, the CATMAID instance is the way in.

InstanceAnatomyIn the VFB knowledge baseOriginal publication
FAFB CATMAIDFull brain (adult female)Neurons and connectivity (fafb)Zheng et al. (2018); FAFB project
L1EM CATMAIDFull CNS (first instar larva)Neurons and connectivity (l1em)Ohyama et al. (2015); Winding et al. (2023)
FANC CATMAIDFull VNS (adult female)Neurons only — no connectivityPhelps et al. (2021); Lee lab resources
ABD1.5 CATMAIDAbdominal segments A2–A3 (first instar larva), wild typeNoOhyama et al. (2015); Schneider-Mizell et al. (2016); Valdes-Aleman et al. (2021)
IAV-ROBO CATMAIDAbdominal segments A1–A2 (first instar larva), altered genotypeNo — see note belowValdes-Aleman et al. (2021)
IAV-TNT CATMAIDFull CNS (first instar larva), altered genotypeNo — see note belowValdes-Aleman et al. (2021)
L3VNC CATMAIDVentral nerve cord (third instar larva)NoGerhard et al. (2017)
Larva1099 CATMAIDFull CNS (first instar larva), eFIB-SEMNoRandel et al. (2026)

The IAV-ROBO and IAV-TNT volumes were imaged from animals whose circuits had been altered experimentally — a misexpression and a synaptic-silencing manipulation respectively — rather than from wild-type animals. Their neurons carry projections that the manipulation moved, so they do not correspond to the wild-type anatomy the Drosophila Anatomy Ontology describes and are deliberately not registered as VFB individuals. Comparing them against the wild-type ABD1.5 reference is the point of the dataset; use the CATMAID instances directly to do it.

VFB also hosts two non-CATMAID resources: BrainTrap, a database of 3D protein-trap expression patterns, and the FLYBRAIN Neuron Database.